The European Commission deals with a series of competition cases that are highly relevant for third parties, such as potential victims looking to seek compensation through private damages claims.

It is well known the general prohibition to agree with your competitors what price you will charge to avoid having to compete (horizontal agreements/cartels).

„Most likely yes”, would say the single economic entity doctrine (SEE) The SEE seems to be an abstract concept but it has very concrete consequences.

Am I an “undertaking”? Am I a subject of competition law? – is a common question of any company and even of a natural person. Well…please don’t be frustrate to find out that...